Izgrađena je na najznačajnijem strateškom mjestu pulskoga zaljeva, na brežuljku na kojem su prethodno Histri locirali svoju gradinu, Rimljani castrum, a feudalna gospoda srednjevjekovni kaštel.
Utvrdu je projektirao i vodio izgradnju za mletačku republiku, francuski vojni inženjer Antoine De Ville između 1631. i 1633. godine.
Bila je dio obrambenog sustava Pule u XVII.st., koji je još uključivao tvrđavu na otoku Sv. Andrije te dva obrambena pojasa (nasipa): prvi približno po trasi današnje ulice Castropola, a drugi po perimetru antičkih i srednjovjekovnih zidina koje su bile rekonstruirane i nasipane radi prilagođavanja tadašnjoj ratnoj taktici obrane i moći naoružanja.
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